We have studied a troubleshooting methodology and looked at the Windows architecture so that we can divide problems into smaller problems which are more easily solved. We now know that operating systems have four key resources that must be monitored for reliability and performance. Task Manager and System Monitor are the most important troubleshooting tools and can be used to analyze all resources. General purpose troubleshooting tools that we have looked at are;

Tools and counters that focus on a specific resource are as follows;

Memory	Processor	Disk I/O	Network I/O
Tools pfmon	Pviewer tlist kill	Win File Protection Dynamic Disk Defragmenter, RAID, ChkDsk	Network Monitor NET, clusters ipconfig, nslookup ping, tracert
System Monitor	Counters
Pages/sec Page Reads/Sec Page Faults/Sec Pages Input/Sec Pool Paged Bytes Pool Nonpaged Bytes Available Bytes Working Set Virtual Bytes % Committed Bytes Commit Limit Committed Bytes	% Processor Time Interrupts/Sec System Calls/Sec Processor Queue Length	% Disk time Disk queue length Disk transfer/sec Disk Bytes/read Avg Disk sec/read Disk Reads/sec	Segments/sec Segmt Retransmit/sec Datagrams/sec Server bytes/sec bytes total/sec Logon/sec network errors/sec Current commands

All system problems can be solved with a logical, systematic approach. With these tools and methodology, you will be successful in your troubleshooting endeavors.